Provision of ecosystem services is determinedby human agency, not ecosystem functions. Fourcase studies

Joachim H. Spangenberg, Christoph Görg, Dao Thanh Truong, Vera Tekken,Jesus Victor Bustamante & Josef Settele

InternationalJournal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management, 10:1, 40-53 (2014)

Ecosystem services (ESS) are frequently described as nature’s free gift to humankind. However, the first step of ESS and benefit generation is recognising the usability of structures, processes and outputs of ecosystems. This use-value attribution transforms the ecosystem functions (ESF)...